7 Aralık 2007 Cuma
23 Kasım 2007 Cuma
Commentary on Medicine in Current Events, current events in Medicine, And of course, a little fun too.
Monday, March 05, 2007
Come Back One Day and say ‘Hello’
Tonight, Bob Woodruff appeared on The Daily Show. Funny I should start my first post back with this one particular fact. But it is one that stands out tonight. I will get back to it soon.
I promised to tell you about the life of a Hospitalist in a community hospital and that I shall do.
Medicine in a community hospital is a little different than in Academia. During residency, the patient belonged to an internist if he/she was on the medicine floor. But if things turned for the worse and that same patient was transferred to the ICU he would then be under the care of a new attending, the ICU attending serving in the unit.
But things in a community hospital are a little different. Here, I am your attending in the ICU as well as when you improve. I will be your doctor on the medicine floor too. And sometimes, if you go to the rehab floor here, I’ll still see you from time to time, just to make sure the old ticker is still ticking. Of course I consult with an intensivist if my patient is in the ICU, however, the final call on what goes in and what stays out remains mine, my responsibility, my decision.
In my short nine months as a Hospitalist I’ve accompanied many patients through their journey in this community hospital. I recall many whom I can honestly say would not be alive today if it wasn’t for something I did or didn’t do for them, whether they know it or not.
Some of you may misunderstand and figure I managed to pick up a god complex during those months too but that’s not what I’m driving at.
I guess the biggest drawback to the Hospitalist life is what dawned on me tonight. Looking at Bob Woodruff, I was looking at a man dressed in a suit, handsome, intelligent, well spoken, interesting, a man with a family who loves him and who seems to care much for his family. The entire time, I really mean this, the ENTIRE time I watched him I imagined the way he must have looked in that ICU in Bethesda. I saw him intubated, on a respirator, bandages across his head, half his scull removed. I saw lines, feeding tubes and urinary catheters. I saw nurses hanging IVs and getting CVPs. I saw the tears in his family’s eyes as physician after physician told them that their father was ‘critical’. Lucky if he makes it.
The single BIGGEST drawback to the Hospitalist life is this moment. When your patient has walked through the shadows of hell and has come out alive. And not just alive, Intelligent, Handsome, well spoken and a real family man, even dresses well.
This moment would have never happened if not for those same doctors and nurses in Bethesda. But if not for television, they would never have gotten to see what it was all for. Because patients almost never return as their true, every day selves. Only in another hospital gown.
I am still waiting for just one of my patients to come back to say hello. I hope one day one will.
Hope he comes dressed in a suit.
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 9:30 PM | 13 comments links to this post
Saturday, March 03, 2007
Hospitalist
I don't even know if I still have a readership...IS ANYONE OUT THERE????
It's been a long while. Oh boy, how much has happened and where should I even begin.
I am a hospitalist now. It's been close to nine months that I am doing this job and it feels like internship all over again. Learn fast, on the fly, hold on it's a bumpy ride.
Private practice is sooo different than Academic. Things run much more smoothly here and they don't. Patients get much better care here....and they don't. I'll explain, I'm sure, soon. It just feels good to actually be back. I will not post much and certainly not on weeks I am working. But I'll have some fun with it.
For those of you who actually remember future intern. She is two years old and the most adorable thing I've ever seen.
We are expecting a son, any day now. But what should I call him?
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 4:14 PM | 12 comments links to this post
Thursday, June 29, 2006
Intern's Lie
I’m drawing a blank. In these instances, I have learned, the optimal solution is to post something you’ve written in the past. I wrote this in the beginning of my second year of residency. Looking back I realize it’s kind of immature, but, right on the money!
Tomorrow, 7 am sharp, I embark on a new journey. I will be head of the team. This team will encompase one Attending, one Resident (that is I), two Interns (first year residents), one Sub-Intern/ fourth year med-student (from here on the “Sub-I”), and two third year med-students (a.k.a. “Students”).
To serve the readership yet unfamiliar with the medical hierarchy that governs today’s fine medical establishments I will now take the time to explain this stepladder of ass-slurpers. The understanding of this is essential for our future relationship and so if you have any questions feel free to ask.
I will comprise the list to range from least kissed ass to practically dripping. Remember, each member of the team has a primary goal, a secondary goal (if applicable), friends and enemies. It is long; I am sorry for this, but essential for the upcoming month. Let us begin:
1- The Students/ Third Year Med-School
Primary goal: To impress Attending and Resident with knowledge we were sure they never had. Secondary goals: To cloud a simple clinical scenario by suggesting that the patient has as many extremely rare diseases as possible, to name a disease the Resident hasn’t heard of and to send out for as many of the most expensive blood tests we have as the Resident allows. The sub-I is their best friend as he is closer to the resident and is always up to date on their performance thus far. Enemy: Interestingly enough, they are each other’s enemy as they are always being judged comparatively to each other. This undercurrent of hate is masked very well and only a thorough Freudian understanding of the subconscious can uncover it.
2- The Sub-I
Primary goal: Impress attending, Sub-I’s need recommendation letters for the residency match so they too can be taken advantage of by residency programs and government. Secondary goal: Discharge patients, less patients mean less work and try not to sound like Student by naming any rare disease.
The Sub-I’s friends are the Intern and the Resident, possibly third year but only if they agree to do his blood draws. Enemy: Patients with extremely rare diseases (makes Sub-I extremely uncomfortable as he now has to sound like Student).
3- Intern
Primary goal: Discharge patients. Intern will do or say anything to achieve this goal as he/she is usually overworked and would love to have one less family and upcoming tragedy to deal with. Secondary goal: Anything that ends in less patients (I cannot stress this enough).
Their friends are the other interns, amazing bonus point if able to really swing Resident to their “point of view” (often wrong!). Enemies: Patients!!!!
4- Resident (my new position)
Primary goal: To impress Attending and Chief of Medicine while also keeping Intern happy, motivated and feeling that Resident is truly on his side. Secondary goal: Constantly remember that Interns LIE! Again, they do anything to get patients out and Resident must continually double check Intern behind Intern’s back as INTERNS LIE! Friends: The Attending and other Residents. Enemies: Everyone on a certain level: as Interns LIE, Sub-I wants information primarily for Student, Student wants to name rare disease and make Resident look bad. To counteract Student, Resident must immediately say “I don’t know that but why don’t you give us a presentation on this tomorrow morning” (Gotcha Ya Bastard!).
5- Attending Doctor
Primary goal: Come for 2 hours in morning, teach, and leave as fast as possible, keep name out of chart so no one knows who to sue later. No Secondary goal. Friend: All. Enemy: No one. Remain completely oblivious to the ass smooching going on a round you. Wipe ass off after morning round.
6- Chief of Medicine
Primary Goal: Teach and run Medicine Department. Secondary goal: Absorb all ass-kissing, taking it all in as one continuous lick that lasts for many years. Secondary goal: Try to remain seemingly very humble, once in while give a lecture which makes every resident in the room feel like he knows absolutely nothing/ give up his medical license and go back to medical school.
This is the system within which we all operate. If there are any questions please feel free to ask. Tomorrow, I will do my best to avoid all questions and appease Intern to join my view of things. This will be my greatest chess match yet.
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 7:10 AM | 45 comments links to this post
Friday, June 23, 2006
How We Die in America
In undergrad we had a course titled "life and dying". I'll never forget the first words my instructer said as he entered the room: "I don't know why they call it life and dying when the course is really all about dying".
What a great course too. It was there that I visited my first hospice, learned about the choices that people in our culture commonly make when it comes to their own (impending) death and the realities that those who never think about this have to face.
Residency was a course in itself. I don't think a day went by where I didn't have to do something to a patient that I knew I would never want done to me had I been in their situation. The truth is that unless a patient specifically states his/her wishes in advance we are left with little choice but to do everything in our power. Sometimes, that translates into procedures, painful ones, dangerous ones as well.
The Schiavo case brought the issue to the public's attention and really was a prime example of how the beliefs of family members and the lack of public knowledge of one's wishes can cause tremendous chaous.
A reader requested that I post a link to this article. The article has some interesting revelations about the contrast between how we "think" we're going to die and how we're actually likely to checkout. It's from the new book, "UNPLUGGED: Reclaiming our Right to Die in America."
Here's a little exerpt:
Our doctors are equally subject to technology's allure. They learn in medical school to assess, treat, and cure. They then move into a hospital culture where a death, even among the aged, is seen as a failing. The young Dr. Lown in 1959 plied the silver paddles on the chest of a living human for the first time, and saw a miracle; a racing, out- of-control heart instantly returned to a normal heartbeat. The young Dr. Potter in 1963 compressed a chest and saved a hardware store owner, and the whole town knew it. Their tools were unbelievably primitive compared to the arsenal available to a young doctor today, but the miracles are equally wonderful. How could we deny today's doctor such joy? Or today's patient? Why in the world would we want to?
In truth, we don't want to, and we shouldn't want to. We want the technology, and we want the cure. When surveyed, the majority of us say that when our dying comes, we hope to be at home, free from pain, surrounded by loved ones, and not hooked up to machines. In the abstract, that's likely true. We also very much want to be hooked up to those machines right up to the very moment when the doctor is sure that those miraculous tools can't fix us. Trying to find that exact line is no easy business.
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 9:47 AM | 10 comments links to this post
Sunday, June 11, 2006
Moving!
This time I mean for real. I am in the middle of a move to upstate NY. If not for this GPS thingy that I bought I'd still be lost on some back country road, withering away.
Congrats to Dr. Charles on making the move to his new address. We started blogging together and, at the beginning, had very similar blogs. He would blog literary stories of his start as a family physician and I would blog about my experience as a resident. We found each other pretty quickly back then and have found a way to keep in touch, maybe one day we'll even meet face to face.
But the times they are changing. I am nearly finished with my residency and he is nearly finished being a "starting" physician. Now, it will be my turn to blog as a beginning hospitalist and he can dish me the wisdom of one who is more advanced.
I am planning on writing a post that's a summary of my residency when I can see through the pile of boxes in this office. I was even thinking about writing a book about my residency and incorporating a lot of the madhouse posts into it somehow. All ideas that will have to wait for me to pass the boards.
Hopefully, I will have the time to write soon. Judging by my first week in my new local, time will be one of the things I will have plenty of.
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 4:26 AM | 6 comments links to this post
Saturday, May 27, 2006
Birthday
Just wish me a happy birthday and move on because soon I'll be so soaked up in alcohol I may just answer inappropriately!
Thirty two and counting for the soon to be full-fledged doctor
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 5:07 AM | 16 comments links to this post
Thursday, May 25, 2006
Electronic Medical Record (Oh Doctor...)
This week's issue of JAMA has a commentary essay about the new Electronic Medical Record system. I'd have to say that it's right on the money for how inconvinient sifting through any chart is these days. The essay is available here for free and is written in a format that really drives the point home! (highly recommended)
EMR (Electronic Medical Records) is the new standard in medical technology. Basically, hospitals are hoping to have the entire medical record of patients available on the computer system, including all notes written for that patient. You can see the potential benefits, however, the idea has run into a few obstacles:
While EMR is highly efficient in producing notes, virtually all of its notes are longer, recombinant versions of previous notes. Even notes of different authors are morphed by EMR into clones of one another. As physicians have become more adept with the time-saving features of EMR, their notes have been rendered incapable of conveying usable information by their bloated and obfuscated nature.
For one, the notes never change. The longest note I've seen thus far here was seven pages long. SEVEN pages for a daily progress note. By a Doctor!
Moreover, EMR encourages everyone to copy-and-paste the notes of everyone else so that notes become the same from author to author as well as from day to day. Even consultants are assimilated into the oneness of the EMR Borg. A cardiology consultant recently copied-and-pasted the intern's note into his own, even including "consult cardiology in AM" in his recommendations. Perhaps he meant consult a more thoughtful cardiologist.
I'm all for making the intern's job a little easier (actually, no I'm not!) but this is really starting to get ridiculous, not to mention, downright dangerous.
For example, I am aware of a case where a patient expired due to what the team thought was a Deep Vein Thrombosis that traveled to the lungs. The team was aware of the DVT and were treating it appropriately, however, the intern's notes make no mention of the possible DVT. They were continually copied and pasted. The doctors who are now being sued have very little evidence to back them with no documentation.
It should be pointed out that EMR has some laudable aspects. Notes can be created quickly with minimal cognitive effort, and their impressive length implies diligence and attention to detail.
"Minimal cognitive Effort" is the correct term here.
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 9:25 AM | 13 comments links to this post
Tuesday, May 16, 2006
Grand Rounds
This week's Grand Rounds are held at Doc Around the Clock.
and someone's trying to put together a Pediatrics Grand Rounds.
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 9:50 AM | 4 comments links to this post
Saturday, May 13, 2006
David Blaine is Dying to Breath
About four years ago I ran into David Blaine in a crowded New York City subway station. He was performing his usual card tricks for the local street gangs. I had admired his magic for years and really thought that, as the locals say, he “Got Skillz”. I watched for twenty minutes and then went on my way but it was the highlight of my day. There is no doubt his talent is far superior to others in his field.
Of course, if you were one of the lucky few million that caught his special the other night on ABC then you probably already know what I mean. As of late though, he’s taken to doing all sorts of ‘pseudo’ tricks, like living in a bubble full of water for one week in the middle of Lincoln Center.
“Why the hell would anyone want to live under water for one full week?” I’ll venture to say it’s good for publicity. But why am I even discussing the subject on a medical blog?
Here we are and it’s Sunday night and there is a man on television about to suffer through a live apnea test in front of the whole world! And in my twisted doctor mind part of me wished I could test his blood gases, I could peak at his pH. Maybe even figure out how he would do it. So I kinda did and I thought I would share some of what I’ve learned with you. But before I launch into that, you must be wondering what the apnea test is.
Taken literally the word “apnea” means “cessation of breathing” and the main purpose of this test is to determine if a patient is clinically brain dead. It’s used mainly when it is believed that the patient underwent such a catastrophic event that he/she no longer has any brain function, including the drive to breath. We believe that brain death is the equivalent of death and we use the apnea test, as one test among others, to confirm clinical brain death.
How is the test performed? The patient is disconnected from the ventilator for ten minutes and monitored for spontaneous breathing. At the same time, we continually monitor their blood gases (the concentration of oxygen and carbon dioxide in their blood) throughout the test. When a human being ceases to breathe the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood rises and the concentration of oxygen falls. Patients fail the test if the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood rise to twenty above baseline levels and no spontaneous breath is recorded. But how does all this relate to breath-holding in a live human being. Well, it technically doesn’t, but the same process will go on there as well. Slowly, the amount of oxygen in Blaine’s body will dwindle as the carbon dioxide level will rise. Slowly but surely, the feeling will become unbearable and his brain will begin to signal frantically for oxygen. But at what point will all this become so unbearable that it will override his will not to inhale?
There aren’t many studies that have investigated the human ability to breath-hold. But those that have been conducted have shown that breath-hold duration depends on numerous variables. One fact of solace was that, regardless of the circumstances, human beings seem incapable of holding their breath to unconsciousness.
For one, breath hold duration is increased by increasing lung inflation. One would expect that lung volume would stay constant during breath holding but this doesn't appear to be the case, mainly due to complicated pressure gradients that are beyond the scope of this discussion. However, one theory was that the breakpoint (point at which breath holding is no longer possible) may be dependent on some minimum chest size when this deflation would cause sufficient feedback to the brain respiratory center to initiate a breath. This however does not appear to be the case.
Interestingly, breath holding duration is almost doubled by either starting with a lower than normal blood carbon dioxide level, which can be achieved by hyperventilation or holding with gas mixtures that have an excessive concentration of oxygen. For those who witnessed the event, Blaine was coached to hyperventilate (purge) prior to going under, presumably to decrease the carbon dioxide levels in his blood. Obviously, he did his homework.
Increased metabolic rates decrease breath hold duration. Likewise, decreased metabolic rates increase it. I would suppose that it wouldn't be unreasonable to think that the tank that Blaine used was probably cooled to temperatures that would decrease metabolic demand during the final event. Surely, Blaine would have taken advantage of this phenomenon.
Do arterial chemo receptors dictate the breath breakpoint, maybe yes and maybe no. the fact that there is no consistent carbon dioxide blood level at breakpoint in study subjects suggest that this is not the case, however, one experiment in patients whose arterial chemo receptors were not functional showed that these subjects could breath-hold almost double the time of healthy subjects. I can't put it past Blaine to somehow alter the response of his chemo receptors prior to the event but I believe it is unlikely.
The bottom line:
Was I the only one who thought Evil Knievil was going to bitch slap Blaine during the interview? I bet not.
During the interview Blaine demonstrated that he could hold his breath for approximately five minutes (an amazing amount of time), or 305 seconds. if Blaine was to cool the water tank to decrease his metabolic rate and even increase his breath holding duration by 25% (no exact prolongation constant is available) than he would be able to hold his breath under these conditions for approximately 6 and one half minutes. By hyperventilating prior to starting the hold he would increase his time easily by an additional 25% which would conclude a total time of eight minutes (assuming he did not do this prior to his breath hold with kenivel).
Blaine was able to hold seven minutes and ten seconds. Pretty damn good but not much improved from his prior attempt with kenivel once all other factors are taken into account.
Overall, I think it’s safe to assume the event was more of a publicity stunt for Blaine’s magic than for actually breaking the world record. The special was good. Some of the tricks were unbelievable. Now all that’s left is to see what he’s going to do next.
Heck, he’s had a week under water to think about it!
A great article on the factors involved in breath holding can be found here.
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 6:58 PM | 11 comments links to this post
Sunday, May 07, 2006
High-Fiving Where the Sun Don' t Shine
All three colonoscopies didn't hurt. In fact, the only thing I remember of them was the sweet dream a little versed and dilaudid can induce. The first could actually be my first anatomy class. Some previous girlfriends would beg to differ!
I was 17 years old and after years of digestive problems I finally earned a trip to where ‘the sun don’t shine’. They tried to knock me out but didn't quite get it right. Seeing the inside of my own body was, I thought, 'so cool'!
Recently, I saw a commercial on television featuring patients exiting the colonoscopy suite high fiving everyone outside. I'm not sure it quite captures the mood of relief after the experience but kudos for the public awareness campaign. I'd rather spread the word about a possible life saving colonoscopy than about the HPV test no one really needs, or the Viagra. Personally I think they should follow every Cialis commercial with one for genital herpes. But I digress.
Colon cancer is the second most common cancer in both men and women and is responsibly for nearly fifty thousand deaths per year. This year alone, 150,000 people will be diagnosed with this disease.
Although there is no study proving that colonoscopies prevent colon cancer there is a lot of indirect evidence to support this hypothesis. Early carcinomas have been found in adenomas and the distribution of the two in the colon is very similar. Guaiac stool cards have been found to decrease the rate of colon cancer, presumably because they lead to a colonoscopy.
I understand the recent popularity of virtual colonoscopy, however, from this perspective I can say it's "virtually" useless, for anything other than making the radiologists richer. The preparation for the procedure is exactly the same and at least during a colonoscopy the patient receives sedation. Furthermore, during a colonoscopy, if something is found it can be resected immediately. If a cancer or polyp is found on a virtual colonoscopy the patient will need a real colonoscopy to boot. Bottom line, from the perspective of a three time veteran of colonoscopy the prep is by far the worst part of it and it's not any more comfortable for a virtual colonoscopy.
And this is the most important reason for getting your colonoscopy. There are only a handful of cancers for which prevention is effective, the rest are either screened for (to identify those who already have the disease) or not even screened for (no effective test). A colonoscopy can not only screen but at times can actually be curative.
It seems a complete waste when a father or a grandmother dies from a CANCER that could have been cured in a matter of minutes years earlier.
So get past your homophobia and get a colonoscopy if you need one. It rarely hurts, I promise.
And take my word for it; a little Versed is a lot of fun!
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 7:02 AM | 21 comments links to this post
Thursday, April 13, 2006
Malpractice Reform
Dr. Charles recently published a post concerning malpractice reform. The long of the short is WE NEED YOUR HELP! so use the link and take the extra few seconds to send the e-mail.
As for me, sorry for the extremely long blog break that will have to go on slightly longer. I just feel like I need a break. This "hobby" of mine became too demanding in my own mind.
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 5:36 AM | 3 comments links to this post
Friday, March 24, 2006
I Love This Guy
I love it when I see posts that remind me of the Madhouse Madman. I love them more when I see them as comments on my blog. Charity Doc left this comment on my primary Care post below. And...please take it with a sense of humor. I'll have no bickering on my blog:
Don't do it!! Spend the extra 2 years and do a fellowship.
Here are some ideas:
Cardiology - you will work like a dog and be consulted every time a patient c/o chest pain (which is roughly 30%+ of all ER visits). You'll cath every middle aged and old people that have a femoral pulse. If they don't, you put a pacemaker in. If they're also dizzy, make it a pacemaker/ICD combo. But on the other hand, you'll be stinkin' rich and paid very handsomely. As far as hospital politics go, you'll be coveted and treated like a god, while us lowly, replaceable ER docs wish we have your clout with the hospital administrators and other medical staffs. I've been at this hospital for over 5 years now and the CEO, COO and CFO of the hospital still don't know who the heck I am every time I see them at the staff meetings.
Nephrology - you'll work like an ox and get consulted for every Creatinine level above 1.5 But you'll make money out the wazoo because every dialysis patient is fully funded so your reimbursement rate is...CHACHING. You'll even volunteer to dialyze road kill if it has an AV shunt in. But somehow, and for some stinkin' reason, you'll moan and groan every time you look at your census list which takes up a whole page, front and back, single spaced. Those damn dialysis patients sure have a lot of medical problems. DM, CHF, PVD, HTN, CAD...the list is endless. You'll find yourself arguing with the cardiologist whether CHF is a disease of the heart or a disease of the kidneys.
Hem/Onc - You may find it too depressing. Consult the Happy Oncologist blog for this one.
Rheumatology - No pt. seems to get any better do they? Another depressing discipline.
Endocrine - how many endocrine consult have you done? As an ER doc, I've never had to called one. Maybe you should forget this one. The chaching bell ain't ringing here.
Pulmonary/Critical Care - I'm just not feeling the big chaching factor here either. They seem to bronch everybody and scan everyone's chest. Vent management ain't that much of a mystery. It just seems that way. They're the only ones that get all excited about sputum. Sloogy docs. Everyone gets PFT's. What would you do without the cigarette industry?
GI - Oh my God! While the rest of the world upchucks and toss their cookies whenever a GI bleeder shows up, the GI guys sniffs it all in and says..."Can you smell the money??!!!" Poopy docs and Golytely pushers. They do make a very decent salary though, scoping from above and below all day long.
Neurology - Every since the NIH touts tPA for ischemic strokes, these guys are consulted all the time now from the ER. They're all over the TV and radios being spokepersons as every hospital compete to get that Stroke Center designation. What a load of crap, heh? Stroke Center. The standard of care, the 3 hours window for thrombolytic from onset of symptoms is the flipping same at every hospital. Every hospital has a OT/PT department, too. So why should any "stroke center" be any different from any other hospital? Yet, they're all over the newspaper and radio touting so.
Don't get me wrong, we need primary care providers. But why be one, work just as hard as the other guys and get pay less? Do the extra 2-3 years fellowship. It's all worth it. If I had to do it all over again, and if someone were to point a gun at me and force me to, I'd choose cardiology and nephrology as a second choice. Just my thoughts. Good luck on your decisions.
www.fingersandtubesineveryorifice.blogspot.com
ER docs are crazy and because of that they have the best sense of humor in the entire hospital.
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 2:41 AM | 9 comments links to this post
Saturday, March 18, 2006
The Case of Slobodan Milosevic
Talk about jumping on a case too late. Due to an extremely busy week of interviewing and clinic rotations I was unable to write about the case although I’ve been following closely.
Slobodan Milosevic, former Yugoslav president, who was on trial for war crimes, was found dead in his jail cell at the UN detention center in Hague. Mystery surrounding the cause of his death immediately emerged. Specifically concerning traces of a drug called Rifampin which was found in his blood on an earlier exam.
Rifampin is mainly used as one of the multitude of medications used to treat tuberculosis. It is unclear how traces of the chemical were ingested by Mr. Milosevic since he was not being treated for this condition at the time and the pharmacy at the detention center does not even carry the drug.
In addition, Milosevic, who later found out about the traces of the drug found in his system, wrote to the Russian embassy concerned the possibility that he was being poisoned. In November, Mr. Milosevic was complaining of headaches, fatigue and hearing problems, possibly as side effects of Rifampin use. Speculation about how traces of the drug were found in Milosevic still ruminate and includes poisoning and self ingestion. How Milosevic could have obtained the drug is unclear although reports say that he was in a “privileged setting” where many normal prison procedures were not always followed.
As for using Rifampin for the purpose of poisoning there are certainly better options. The side effects of Rifampin toxicity are numerous, however, they are generally not lethal. In addition, Rifampin can decrease the effects of other medications and there are speculations (I know you don’t like ‘speculations’) that Milosevic was ingesting the drug in order to prevent adequate treatment of his high blood pressure, possibly as a means of earning medical leave.
An Autopsy revealed the cause of Mr. Milosevic’s death to be, as one newspaper put it, a “mild” heart attack. As a matter of policy, I limit my use of the word “mild” to non-lethal myocardial infarctions.
In addition, as an anticlimax to this issue, traces of Rifampin were not found in his blood.
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 7:23 AM | 2 comments links to this post
Tuesday, March 14, 2006
Reality Check (Ruthlessly Candid)
I am looking for a job.
After three years of residency in Internal Medicine I have decided to forgo fellowship and go into Primary Care/Internist or Hospitalist work. I thought it would be interesting to share with you some of the offers as well as my thought process.
I think this can be interesting because due to my anonymity I can afford to be ruthlessly candid. The other reason is that as some have stated you would like to read about the true experience of being a resident, look no further.
In the past, I have done my share of complaining: about the job, the hours, the pay, the future etc. etc. I’ve stopped all that. Not because I don’t still have those same concerns but because I realize that some of my audience likely make a fraction of what an internist makes these days and so my complaining seems kind of “funny”. So please don't view anything I write here as complaining, just my honest thoughts.
And, since I always believe that two, or two hundred, heads are better than one I would certainly welcome any tips that my readership can provide, maybe something I haven’t thought about.
Before I do, I think I have to be candidly honest about my goals and current situation, so that all of you can give me the best advice:
Overall, this is the plan: My wife and I would like to be able to return to Israel to live there within 5-10 years. Since doctors make roughly $30-40,000 in Israel I do not think that I will be able to pay my medical school loans there, this is the reason why I returned to the U.S. after attending medical school in Haifa. I would also like to be able to purchase the apartment/house I will live in there, since that can be very expensive. The plan is to pay off the private loans before I go back and make enough investments in the U.S. so that I can have income that can pay off the rest of the loans by itself. Currently, we are hoping to finally purchase a home and stop renting. Preferably in a good community with good schools so that Jordan can be safe.
Current financial situation:
1. Private Student Loans: $80,000 at 6.25% variable interest. Current monthly payment can vary but minimum is rough $600.
2. Stafford Student Loans: $96,000 at 3.25% locked, monthly payments $400 over 30 years.
3. Savings: $40,000
4. Currently renting but hell-bent on buying something soon. I currently live in a major urban city and the housing prices here are on the level of prohibitive.
Thus Far: I have been to 5 primary care interviews and 3 Hospitalist interviews here is what I have come up with: I have multiple offers, here they are:
Primary Care Positions:
1. $120,000 a year. No bonus. Partnership, maybe, after two years. Housing reasonably priced.
2. $115,000 a year. Bonus once surpassing three times your income. Partnership after 3 years. Opening Concierge service possible. Housing extremely expensive.
3. $80,000 a year. No bonus. 10% of whatever you bring in. Housing extremely expensive.
Funniest trend: The more expensive housing is in the area the smaller the salary.
Hospitalist Positions:
1. $110,000 no bonus, known to be a hard hospital to work in with lots of hours of work. Housing in area extremely expensive.
2. $125,000 no bonus. Work hard. Housing expensive.
3. $140,000 with bonus. Two hours away from family and outside current city. Housing cheap. Good community. Work hard.
My current inclination is to take the third Hospitalist position since I will likely be able to save the most there. The wife and I think it is our best chance at achieving our goals even though we will have to leave the family behind.
I had intended to go into clinic based medicine but will likely hold off until I move to Israel. It is an unfortunate truth which I simply have to confront and that is that currently I cannot allow myself to enter primary care and achieve my short term goals. When I listen to my friends who entered other specialties and the offers they are getting I am extremely jealous and if I had to make the same decision again I would have chosen differently.
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 1:33 PM | 24 comments links to this post
Monday, March 13, 2006
I Applaud Her Effor Although I Do Fear For Her Life
Check out this NY Times artcle on Dr. Wafa Sultan. And here's the video they're talking about.
Hat tip to Enrico for the info.
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 7:45 AM | 1 comments links to this post
My Conclusion
Friday, I asked the readership of this blog to express their opinion on my posts which dealt with Ian Thorpe, an olympic australian swimmer, who is currently suffering of an unknown respiratory condition. My question specifically was to inquire if I was being "Unethical" in publicly stating my opinion of what I felt was the likely diagnsis. Your views were mixed. for example, Moof said:
1) Ian Thorpe is a public figure.
2) You didn't make an accusation, you made a speculation.
3) Physicians have as much right as anyone else to speculate about whomever they will - even (and especially) when the subject matter is in their field of knowledge.
4) The only problem that I can see isn't one of ethics, but perhaps one of indiscretion (gossip?) ... depending on how you see 1) public figures and 2) the nature of the speculation.
And Graham reiterated similar concerns with:
It's definitely rubbed me the wrong way since you first started posting about it. If you were speculating about something a little more benign, I don't think I'd mind. But you're speculating about something serious and terminal; I'd feel the same way if you were speculating about something like cancer or ALS, I think I'd feel the same way. (Not to mention all the stigma that comes with HIV.) I think as a physician you're automatically able to know more about some people from your training--perhaps something that a non-physician would call strange or different or normal variation, you would know it to be disease.
And then there was an anonymous blogger (a physician) who stated:
I think ethically you have to ask yourelf several questions:
1)In publically speculating, did you bring harm to the patient's character? ( gossip)2) If so, do the needs for society to know outweigh the respect for an individual's privacy?
3) By virtue of your M.D., do your speculations have greater weight, and therefore carry more potential for grater harm?
I thought all the comments were great and quite thoughtful and I appreciate you all taking the time to write them. I did have difficulty though seperating if the problem was the fact that I was speculating about HIV? Or was the problem that I was speculating at all?
Speculation by its very nature is gossip. I get paid to speculate. People pay me for my services to speculate on their medical condition based on what information I have. Most of the diagnosis that physicians make are based on "the most likely" etiology. Isn't that speculation?
So I think what bothered everyone was the fact that I speculated that Ian Thorpe may have HIV. Probably due to the fact that HIV is a disease which still carries great stigma.
It was likely my fault. I had intended to begin trying my hand at speculating on general medical issues in the media, a la CodeBlueBlog (although, I profess, could probably never be as good as he was adn I so enjoyed reading his entries). For example, was Sharon's stroke due to medical error, or more recently, what is the true reason for Milosevic's death. I just so happened to pick up on Ian Thorpe's condition as the first and in this particular case HIV was my leading diagnosis, stigma or not.
Perhaps the best advice came later in the commentary from Echo Mouse and I urge you to read it carefully. I believe some of you may be taking what you read here a little too seriously:
My view is that blogging is personal unless it's part of a business or organization. You don't affiliate your blog with your hospital, private practice or any other agency. So I view your blog as a personal blog, despite the fact that you are a doctor.
Now, when it comes to expertise, everyone has enlightenment on certain things by virtue of their occupation. A blog is a place to express personal viewpoints. Your personal views include your training as a doctor. So while speculation about someone's health might be considered wrong in your capacity as a doctor, you are not at work here, you are blogging here. Based on all of this, I don't see that you have broken the H.Oath or spread gossip. You mused on something of interest to you. On your personal blog. Granted, HIV status can kill a career but you have never claimed to be an expert on HIV nor are you being consulted about this person's health. You're just stating your thoughts. That's okay as far as I'm concerned.
One of the reasons I took a break from blogging was because it was seemingly too political for a while there. People need to stop and think. Your blog is not the NY Times nor do you work for Reuters or the AP. If they stop in to read, they need to remember it's the same as stopping in to have coffee or tea with you. You're entitled to your opinions. Trying to limit that by throwing your profession at you is the sort of thing society does to shut people up, which definitely goes against free speech.
So you see, when you stop in to read here it's just like stopping in to have a cup of coffee. So what will it be regular or decaf?
I won't have the coffee, it gives me a case of the runs.
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 7:06 AM | 8 comments links to this post
From the Author of the Chronicles of a Medical Mad House
Doctor's Grand Grounds and Linkfest
Doctor's Tangled Bank and Linkfest
All contents of this site are copyright of the author, all rights are reserved. "Doctor" is strictly a site meant for entertainment purposes. This site is not intended as a medical reference, consult your physician. All patient encounters are based loosely on reality. All names have been changed. If you are to continue reading this site, beware, you must bring your sense of humor.
Previous Posts
Come Back One Day and say ‘Hello’
Hospitalist
Intern's Lie
How We Die in America
Moving!
Birthday
Electronic Medical Record (Oh Doctor...)
Grand Rounds
David Blaine is Dying to Breath
High-Fiving Where the Sun Don' t Shine
Archives
January 2006
February 2006
March 2006
April 2006
May 2006
June 2006
March 2007
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Monday, March 05, 2007
Come Back One Day and say ‘Hello’
Tonight, Bob Woodruff appeared on The Daily Show. Funny I should start my first post back with this one particular fact. But it is one that stands out tonight. I will get back to it soon.
I promised to tell you about the life of a Hospitalist in a community hospital and that I shall do.
Medicine in a community hospital is a little different than in Academia. During residency, the patient belonged to an internist if he/she was on the medicine floor. But if things turned for the worse and that same patient was transferred to the ICU he would then be under the care of a new attending, the ICU attending serving in the unit.
But things in a community hospital are a little different. Here, I am your attending in the ICU as well as when you improve. I will be your doctor on the medicine floor too. And sometimes, if you go to the rehab floor here, I’ll still see you from time to time, just to make sure the old ticker is still ticking. Of course I consult with an intensivist if my patient is in the ICU, however, the final call on what goes in and what stays out remains mine, my responsibility, my decision.
In my short nine months as a Hospitalist I’ve accompanied many patients through their journey in this community hospital. I recall many whom I can honestly say would not be alive today if it wasn’t for something I did or didn’t do for them, whether they know it or not.
Some of you may misunderstand and figure I managed to pick up a god complex during those months too but that’s not what I’m driving at.
I guess the biggest drawback to the Hospitalist life is what dawned on me tonight. Looking at Bob Woodruff, I was looking at a man dressed in a suit, handsome, intelligent, well spoken, interesting, a man with a family who loves him and who seems to care much for his family. The entire time, I really mean this, the ENTIRE time I watched him I imagined the way he must have looked in that ICU in Bethesda. I saw him intubated, on a respirator, bandages across his head, half his scull removed. I saw lines, feeding tubes and urinary catheters. I saw nurses hanging IVs and getting CVPs. I saw the tears in his family’s eyes as physician after physician told them that their father was ‘critical’. Lucky if he makes it.
The single BIGGEST drawback to the Hospitalist life is this moment. When your patient has walked through the shadows of hell and has come out alive. And not just alive, Intelligent, Handsome, well spoken and a real family man, even dresses well.
This moment would have never happened if not for those same doctors and nurses in Bethesda. But if not for television, they would never have gotten to see what it was all for. Because patients almost never return as their true, every day selves. Only in another hospital gown.
I am still waiting for just one of my patients to come back to say hello. I hope one day one will.
Hope he comes dressed in a suit.
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 9:30 PM | 13 comments links to this post
Saturday, March 03, 2007
Hospitalist
I don't even know if I still have a readership...IS ANYONE OUT THERE????
It's been a long while. Oh boy, how much has happened and where should I even begin.
I am a hospitalist now. It's been close to nine months that I am doing this job and it feels like internship all over again. Learn fast, on the fly, hold on it's a bumpy ride.
Private practice is sooo different than Academic. Things run much more smoothly here and they don't. Patients get much better care here....and they don't. I'll explain, I'm sure, soon. It just feels good to actually be back. I will not post much and certainly not on weeks I am working. But I'll have some fun with it.
For those of you who actually remember future intern. She is two years old and the most adorable thing I've ever seen.
We are expecting a son, any day now. But what should I call him?
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 4:14 PM | 12 comments links to this post
Thursday, June 29, 2006
Intern's Lie
I’m drawing a blank. In these instances, I have learned, the optimal solution is to post something you’ve written in the past. I wrote this in the beginning of my second year of residency. Looking back I realize it’s kind of immature, but, right on the money!
Tomorrow, 7 am sharp, I embark on a new journey. I will be head of the team. This team will encompase one Attending, one Resident (that is I), two Interns (first year residents), one Sub-Intern/ fourth year med-student (from here on the “Sub-I”), and two third year med-students (a.k.a. “Students”).
To serve the readership yet unfamiliar with the medical hierarchy that governs today’s fine medical establishments I will now take the time to explain this stepladder of ass-slurpers. The understanding of this is essential for our future relationship and so if you have any questions feel free to ask.
I will comprise the list to range from least kissed ass to practically dripping. Remember, each member of the team has a primary goal, a secondary goal (if applicable), friends and enemies. It is long; I am sorry for this, but essential for the upcoming month. Let us begin:
1- The Students/ Third Year Med-School
Primary goal: To impress Attending and Resident with knowledge we were sure they never had. Secondary goals: To cloud a simple clinical scenario by suggesting that the patient has as many extremely rare diseases as possible, to name a disease the Resident hasn’t heard of and to send out for as many of the most expensive blood tests we have as the Resident allows. The sub-I is their best friend as he is closer to the resident and is always up to date on their performance thus far. Enemy: Interestingly enough, they are each other’s enemy as they are always being judged comparatively to each other. This undercurrent of hate is masked very well and only a thorough Freudian understanding of the subconscious can uncover it.
2- The Sub-I
Primary goal: Impress attending, Sub-I’s need recommendation letters for the residency match so they too can be taken advantage of by residency programs and government. Secondary goal: Discharge patients, less patients mean less work and try not to sound like Student by naming any rare disease.
The Sub-I’s friends are the Intern and the Resident, possibly third year but only if they agree to do his blood draws. Enemy: Patients with extremely rare diseases (makes Sub-I extremely uncomfortable as he now has to sound like Student).
3- Intern
Primary goal: Discharge patients. Intern will do or say anything to achieve this goal as he/she is usually overworked and would love to have one less family and upcoming tragedy to deal with. Secondary goal: Anything that ends in less patients (I cannot stress this enough).
Their friends are the other interns, amazing bonus point if able to really swing Resident to their “point of view” (often wrong!). Enemies: Patients!!!!
4- Resident (my new position)
Primary goal: To impress Attending and Chief of Medicine while also keeping Intern happy, motivated and feeling that Resident is truly on his side. Secondary goal: Constantly remember that Interns LIE! Again, they do anything to get patients out and Resident must continually double check Intern behind Intern’s back as INTERNS LIE! Friends: The Attending and other Residents. Enemies: Everyone on a certain level: as Interns LIE, Sub-I wants information primarily for Student, Student wants to name rare disease and make Resident look bad. To counteract Student, Resident must immediately say “I don’t know that but why don’t you give us a presentation on this tomorrow morning” (Gotcha Ya Bastard!).
5- Attending Doctor
Primary goal: Come for 2 hours in morning, teach, and leave as fast as possible, keep name out of chart so no one knows who to sue later. No Secondary goal. Friend: All. Enemy: No one. Remain completely oblivious to the ass smooching going on a round you. Wipe ass off after morning round.
6- Chief of Medicine
Primary Goal: Teach and run Medicine Department. Secondary goal: Absorb all ass-kissing, taking it all in as one continuous lick that lasts for many years. Secondary goal: Try to remain seemingly very humble, once in while give a lecture which makes every resident in the room feel like he knows absolutely nothing/ give up his medical license and go back to medical school.
This is the system within which we all operate. If there are any questions please feel free to ask. Tomorrow, I will do my best to avoid all questions and appease Intern to join my view of things. This will be my greatest chess match yet.
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 7:10 AM | 45 comments links to this post
Friday, June 23, 2006
How We Die in America
In undergrad we had a course titled "life and dying". I'll never forget the first words my instructer said as he entered the room: "I don't know why they call it life and dying when the course is really all about dying".
What a great course too. It was there that I visited my first hospice, learned about the choices that people in our culture commonly make when it comes to their own (impending) death and the realities that those who never think about this have to face.
Residency was a course in itself. I don't think a day went by where I didn't have to do something to a patient that I knew I would never want done to me had I been in their situation. The truth is that unless a patient specifically states his/her wishes in advance we are left with little choice but to do everything in our power. Sometimes, that translates into procedures, painful ones, dangerous ones as well.
The Schiavo case brought the issue to the public's attention and really was a prime example of how the beliefs of family members and the lack of public knowledge of one's wishes can cause tremendous chaous.
A reader requested that I post a link to this article. The article has some interesting revelations about the contrast between how we "think" we're going to die and how we're actually likely to checkout. It's from the new book, "UNPLUGGED: Reclaiming our Right to Die in America."
Here's a little exerpt:
Our doctors are equally subject to technology's allure. They learn in medical school to assess, treat, and cure. They then move into a hospital culture where a death, even among the aged, is seen as a failing. The young Dr. Lown in 1959 plied the silver paddles on the chest of a living human for the first time, and saw a miracle; a racing, out- of-control heart instantly returned to a normal heartbeat. The young Dr. Potter in 1963 compressed a chest and saved a hardware store owner, and the whole town knew it. Their tools were unbelievably primitive compared to the arsenal available to a young doctor today, but the miracles are equally wonderful. How could we deny today's doctor such joy? Or today's patient? Why in the world would we want to?
In truth, we don't want to, and we shouldn't want to. We want the technology, and we want the cure. When surveyed, the majority of us say that when our dying comes, we hope to be at home, free from pain, surrounded by loved ones, and not hooked up to machines. In the abstract, that's likely true. We also very much want to be hooked up to those machines right up to the very moment when the doctor is sure that those miraculous tools can't fix us. Trying to find that exact line is no easy business.
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 9:47 AM | 10 comments links to this post
Sunday, June 11, 2006
Moving!
This time I mean for real. I am in the middle of a move to upstate NY. If not for this GPS thingy that I bought I'd still be lost on some back country road, withering away.
Congrats to Dr. Charles on making the move to his new address. We started blogging together and, at the beginning, had very similar blogs. He would blog literary stories of his start as a family physician and I would blog about my experience as a resident. We found each other pretty quickly back then and have found a way to keep in touch, maybe one day we'll even meet face to face.
But the times they are changing. I am nearly finished with my residency and he is nearly finished being a "starting" physician. Now, it will be my turn to blog as a beginning hospitalist and he can dish me the wisdom of one who is more advanced.
I am planning on writing a post that's a summary of my residency when I can see through the pile of boxes in this office. I was even thinking about writing a book about my residency and incorporating a lot of the madhouse posts into it somehow. All ideas that will have to wait for me to pass the boards.
Hopefully, I will have the time to write soon. Judging by my first week in my new local, time will be one of the things I will have plenty of.
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 4:26 AM | 6 comments links to this post
Saturday, May 27, 2006
Birthday
Just wish me a happy birthday and move on because soon I'll be so soaked up in alcohol I may just answer inappropriately!
Thirty two and counting for the soon to be full-fledged doctor
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 5:07 AM | 16 comments links to this post
Thursday, May 25, 2006
Electronic Medical Record (Oh Doctor...)
This week's issue of JAMA has a commentary essay about the new Electronic Medical Record system. I'd have to say that it's right on the money for how inconvinient sifting through any chart is these days. The essay is available here for free and is written in a format that really drives the point home! (highly recommended)
EMR (Electronic Medical Records) is the new standard in medical technology. Basically, hospitals are hoping to have the entire medical record of patients available on the computer system, including all notes written for that patient. You can see the potential benefits, however, the idea has run into a few obstacles:
While EMR is highly efficient in producing notes, virtually all of its notes are longer, recombinant versions of previous notes. Even notes of different authors are morphed by EMR into clones of one another. As physicians have become more adept with the time-saving features of EMR, their notes have been rendered incapable of conveying usable information by their bloated and obfuscated nature.
For one, the notes never change. The longest note I've seen thus far here was seven pages long. SEVEN pages for a daily progress note. By a Doctor!
Moreover, EMR encourages everyone to copy-and-paste the notes of everyone else so that notes become the same from author to author as well as from day to day. Even consultants are assimilated into the oneness of the EMR Borg. A cardiology consultant recently copied-and-pasted the intern's note into his own, even including "consult cardiology in AM" in his recommendations. Perhaps he meant consult a more thoughtful cardiologist.
I'm all for making the intern's job a little easier (actually, no I'm not!) but this is really starting to get ridiculous, not to mention, downright dangerous.
For example, I am aware of a case where a patient expired due to what the team thought was a Deep Vein Thrombosis that traveled to the lungs. The team was aware of the DVT and were treating it appropriately, however, the intern's notes make no mention of the possible DVT. They were continually copied and pasted. The doctors who are now being sued have very little evidence to back them with no documentation.
It should be pointed out that EMR has some laudable aspects. Notes can be created quickly with minimal cognitive effort, and their impressive length implies diligence and attention to detail.
"Minimal cognitive Effort" is the correct term here.
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 9:25 AM | 13 comments links to this post
Tuesday, May 16, 2006
Grand Rounds
This week's Grand Rounds are held at Doc Around the Clock.
and someone's trying to put together a Pediatrics Grand Rounds.
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 9:50 AM | 4 comments links to this post
Saturday, May 13, 2006
David Blaine is Dying to Breath
About four years ago I ran into David Blaine in a crowded New York City subway station. He was performing his usual card tricks for the local street gangs. I had admired his magic for years and really thought that, as the locals say, he “Got Skillz”. I watched for twenty minutes and then went on my way but it was the highlight of my day. There is no doubt his talent is far superior to others in his field.
Of course, if you were one of the lucky few million that caught his special the other night on ABC then you probably already know what I mean. As of late though, he’s taken to doing all sorts of ‘pseudo’ tricks, like living in a bubble full of water for one week in the middle of Lincoln Center.
“Why the hell would anyone want to live under water for one full week?” I’ll venture to say it’s good for publicity. But why am I even discussing the subject on a medical blog?
Here we are and it’s Sunday night and there is a man on television about to suffer through a live apnea test in front of the whole world! And in my twisted doctor mind part of me wished I could test his blood gases, I could peak at his pH. Maybe even figure out how he would do it. So I kinda did and I thought I would share some of what I’ve learned with you. But before I launch into that, you must be wondering what the apnea test is.
Taken literally the word “apnea” means “cessation of breathing” and the main purpose of this test is to determine if a patient is clinically brain dead. It’s used mainly when it is believed that the patient underwent such a catastrophic event that he/she no longer has any brain function, including the drive to breath. We believe that brain death is the equivalent of death and we use the apnea test, as one test among others, to confirm clinical brain death.
How is the test performed? The patient is disconnected from the ventilator for ten minutes and monitored for spontaneous breathing. At the same time, we continually monitor their blood gases (the concentration of oxygen and carbon dioxide in their blood) throughout the test. When a human being ceases to breathe the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood rises and the concentration of oxygen falls. Patients fail the test if the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood rise to twenty above baseline levels and no spontaneous breath is recorded. But how does all this relate to breath-holding in a live human being. Well, it technically doesn’t, but the same process will go on there as well. Slowly, the amount of oxygen in Blaine’s body will dwindle as the carbon dioxide level will rise. Slowly but surely, the feeling will become unbearable and his brain will begin to signal frantically for oxygen. But at what point will all this become so unbearable that it will override his will not to inhale?
There aren’t many studies that have investigated the human ability to breath-hold. But those that have been conducted have shown that breath-hold duration depends on numerous variables. One fact of solace was that, regardless of the circumstances, human beings seem incapable of holding their breath to unconsciousness.
For one, breath hold duration is increased by increasing lung inflation. One would expect that lung volume would stay constant during breath holding but this doesn't appear to be the case, mainly due to complicated pressure gradients that are beyond the scope of this discussion. However, one theory was that the breakpoint (point at which breath holding is no longer possible) may be dependent on some minimum chest size when this deflation would cause sufficient feedback to the brain respiratory center to initiate a breath. This however does not appear to be the case.
Interestingly, breath holding duration is almost doubled by either starting with a lower than normal blood carbon dioxide level, which can be achieved by hyperventilation or holding with gas mixtures that have an excessive concentration of oxygen. For those who witnessed the event, Blaine was coached to hyperventilate (purge) prior to going under, presumably to decrease the carbon dioxide levels in his blood. Obviously, he did his homework.
Increased metabolic rates decrease breath hold duration. Likewise, decreased metabolic rates increase it. I would suppose that it wouldn't be unreasonable to think that the tank that Blaine used was probably cooled to temperatures that would decrease metabolic demand during the final event. Surely, Blaine would have taken advantage of this phenomenon.
Do arterial chemo receptors dictate the breath breakpoint, maybe yes and maybe no. the fact that there is no consistent carbon dioxide blood level at breakpoint in study subjects suggest that this is not the case, however, one experiment in patients whose arterial chemo receptors were not functional showed that these subjects could breath-hold almost double the time of healthy subjects. I can't put it past Blaine to somehow alter the response of his chemo receptors prior to the event but I believe it is unlikely.
The bottom line:
Was I the only one who thought Evil Knievil was going to bitch slap Blaine during the interview? I bet not.
During the interview Blaine demonstrated that he could hold his breath for approximately five minutes (an amazing amount of time), or 305 seconds. if Blaine was to cool the water tank to decrease his metabolic rate and even increase his breath holding duration by 25% (no exact prolongation constant is available) than he would be able to hold his breath under these conditions for approximately 6 and one half minutes. By hyperventilating prior to starting the hold he would increase his time easily by an additional 25% which would conclude a total time of eight minutes (assuming he did not do this prior to his breath hold with kenivel).
Blaine was able to hold seven minutes and ten seconds. Pretty damn good but not much improved from his prior attempt with kenivel once all other factors are taken into account.
Overall, I think it’s safe to assume the event was more of a publicity stunt for Blaine’s magic than for actually breaking the world record. The special was good. Some of the tricks were unbelievable. Now all that’s left is to see what he’s going to do next.
Heck, he’s had a week under water to think about it!
A great article on the factors involved in breath holding can be found here.
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 6:58 PM | 11 comments links to this post
Sunday, May 07, 2006
High-Fiving Where the Sun Don' t Shine
All three colonoscopies didn't hurt. In fact, the only thing I remember of them was the sweet dream a little versed and dilaudid can induce. The first could actually be my first anatomy class. Some previous girlfriends would beg to differ!
I was 17 years old and after years of digestive problems I finally earned a trip to where ‘the sun don’t shine’. They tried to knock me out but didn't quite get it right. Seeing the inside of my own body was, I thought, 'so cool'!
Recently, I saw a commercial on television featuring patients exiting the colonoscopy suite high fiving everyone outside. I'm not sure it quite captures the mood of relief after the experience but kudos for the public awareness campaign. I'd rather spread the word about a possible life saving colonoscopy than about the HPV test no one really needs, or the Viagra. Personally I think they should follow every Cialis commercial with one for genital herpes. But I digress.
Colon cancer is the second most common cancer in both men and women and is responsibly for nearly fifty thousand deaths per year. This year alone, 150,000 people will be diagnosed with this disease.
Although there is no study proving that colonoscopies prevent colon cancer there is a lot of indirect evidence to support this hypothesis. Early carcinomas have been found in adenomas and the distribution of the two in the colon is very similar. Guaiac stool cards have been found to decrease the rate of colon cancer, presumably because they lead to a colonoscopy.
I understand the recent popularity of virtual colonoscopy, however, from this perspective I can say it's "virtually" useless, for anything other than making the radiologists richer. The preparation for the procedure is exactly the same and at least during a colonoscopy the patient receives sedation. Furthermore, during a colonoscopy, if something is found it can be resected immediately. If a cancer or polyp is found on a virtual colonoscopy the patient will need a real colonoscopy to boot. Bottom line, from the perspective of a three time veteran of colonoscopy the prep is by far the worst part of it and it's not any more comfortable for a virtual colonoscopy.
And this is the most important reason for getting your colonoscopy. There are only a handful of cancers for which prevention is effective, the rest are either screened for (to identify those who already have the disease) or not even screened for (no effective test). A colonoscopy can not only screen but at times can actually be curative.
It seems a complete waste when a father or a grandmother dies from a CANCER that could have been cured in a matter of minutes years earlier.
So get past your homophobia and get a colonoscopy if you need one. It rarely hurts, I promise.
And take my word for it; a little Versed is a lot of fun!
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 7:02 AM | 21 comments links to this post
Thursday, April 13, 2006
Malpractice Reform
Dr. Charles recently published a post concerning malpractice reform. The long of the short is WE NEED YOUR HELP! so use the link and take the extra few seconds to send the e-mail.
As for me, sorry for the extremely long blog break that will have to go on slightly longer. I just feel like I need a break. This "hobby" of mine became too demanding in my own mind.
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 5:36 AM | 3 comments links to this post
Friday, March 24, 2006
I Love This Guy
I love it when I see posts that remind me of the Madhouse Madman. I love them more when I see them as comments on my blog. Charity Doc left this comment on my primary Care post below. And...please take it with a sense of humor. I'll have no bickering on my blog:
Don't do it!! Spend the extra 2 years and do a fellowship.
Here are some ideas:
Cardiology - you will work like a dog and be consulted every time a patient c/o chest pain (which is roughly 30%+ of all ER visits). You'll cath every middle aged and old people that have a femoral pulse. If they don't, you put a pacemaker in. If they're also dizzy, make it a pacemaker/ICD combo. But on the other hand, you'll be stinkin' rich and paid very handsomely. As far as hospital politics go, you'll be coveted and treated like a god, while us lowly, replaceable ER docs wish we have your clout with the hospital administrators and other medical staffs. I've been at this hospital for over 5 years now and the CEO, COO and CFO of the hospital still don't know who the heck I am every time I see them at the staff meetings.
Nephrology - you'll work like an ox and get consulted for every Creatinine level above 1.5 But you'll make money out the wazoo because every dialysis patient is fully funded so your reimbursement rate is...CHACHING. You'll even volunteer to dialyze road kill if it has an AV shunt in. But somehow, and for some stinkin' reason, you'll moan and groan every time you look at your census list which takes up a whole page, front and back, single spaced. Those damn dialysis patients sure have a lot of medical problems. DM, CHF, PVD, HTN, CAD...the list is endless. You'll find yourself arguing with the cardiologist whether CHF is a disease of the heart or a disease of the kidneys.
Hem/Onc - You may find it too depressing. Consult the Happy Oncologist blog for this one.
Rheumatology - No pt. seems to get any better do they? Another depressing discipline.
Endocrine - how many endocrine consult have you done? As an ER doc, I've never had to called one. Maybe you should forget this one. The chaching bell ain't ringing here.
Pulmonary/Critical Care - I'm just not feeling the big chaching factor here either. They seem to bronch everybody and scan everyone's chest. Vent management ain't that much of a mystery. It just seems that way. They're the only ones that get all excited about sputum. Sloogy docs. Everyone gets PFT's. What would you do without the cigarette industry?
GI - Oh my God! While the rest of the world upchucks and toss their cookies whenever a GI bleeder shows up, the GI guys sniffs it all in and says..."Can you smell the money??!!!" Poopy docs and Golytely pushers. They do make a very decent salary though, scoping from above and below all day long.
Neurology - Every since the NIH touts tPA for ischemic strokes, these guys are consulted all the time now from the ER. They're all over the TV and radios being spokepersons as every hospital compete to get that Stroke Center designation. What a load of crap, heh? Stroke Center. The standard of care, the 3 hours window for thrombolytic from onset of symptoms is the flipping same at every hospital. Every hospital has a OT/PT department, too. So why should any "stroke center" be any different from any other hospital? Yet, they're all over the newspaper and radio touting so.
Don't get me wrong, we need primary care providers. But why be one, work just as hard as the other guys and get pay less? Do the extra 2-3 years fellowship. It's all worth it. If I had to do it all over again, and if someone were to point a gun at me and force me to, I'd choose cardiology and nephrology as a second choice. Just my thoughts. Good luck on your decisions.
www.fingersandtubesineveryorifice.blogspot.com
ER docs are crazy and because of that they have the best sense of humor in the entire hospital.
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 2:41 AM | 9 comments links to this post
Saturday, March 18, 2006
The Case of Slobodan Milosevic
Talk about jumping on a case too late. Due to an extremely busy week of interviewing and clinic rotations I was unable to write about the case although I’ve been following closely.
Slobodan Milosevic, former Yugoslav president, who was on trial for war crimes, was found dead in his jail cell at the UN detention center in Hague. Mystery surrounding the cause of his death immediately emerged. Specifically concerning traces of a drug called Rifampin which was found in his blood on an earlier exam.
Rifampin is mainly used as one of the multitude of medications used to treat tuberculosis. It is unclear how traces of the chemical were ingested by Mr. Milosevic since he was not being treated for this condition at the time and the pharmacy at the detention center does not even carry the drug.
In addition, Milosevic, who later found out about the traces of the drug found in his system, wrote to the Russian embassy concerned the possibility that he was being poisoned. In November, Mr. Milosevic was complaining of headaches, fatigue and hearing problems, possibly as side effects of Rifampin use. Speculation about how traces of the drug were found in Milosevic still ruminate and includes poisoning and self ingestion. How Milosevic could have obtained the drug is unclear although reports say that he was in a “privileged setting” where many normal prison procedures were not always followed.
As for using Rifampin for the purpose of poisoning there are certainly better options. The side effects of Rifampin toxicity are numerous, however, they are generally not lethal. In addition, Rifampin can decrease the effects of other medications and there are speculations (I know you don’t like ‘speculations’) that Milosevic was ingesting the drug in order to prevent adequate treatment of his high blood pressure, possibly as a means of earning medical leave.
An Autopsy revealed the cause of Mr. Milosevic’s death to be, as one newspaper put it, a “mild” heart attack. As a matter of policy, I limit my use of the word “mild” to non-lethal myocardial infarctions.
In addition, as an anticlimax to this issue, traces of Rifampin were not found in his blood.
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 7:23 AM | 2 comments links to this post
Tuesday, March 14, 2006
Reality Check (Ruthlessly Candid)
I am looking for a job.
After three years of residency in Internal Medicine I have decided to forgo fellowship and go into Primary Care/Internist or Hospitalist work. I thought it would be interesting to share with you some of the offers as well as my thought process.
I think this can be interesting because due to my anonymity I can afford to be ruthlessly candid. The other reason is that as some have stated you would like to read about the true experience of being a resident, look no further.
In the past, I have done my share of complaining: about the job, the hours, the pay, the future etc. etc. I’ve stopped all that. Not because I don’t still have those same concerns but because I realize that some of my audience likely make a fraction of what an internist makes these days and so my complaining seems kind of “funny”. So please don't view anything I write here as complaining, just my honest thoughts.
And, since I always believe that two, or two hundred, heads are better than one I would certainly welcome any tips that my readership can provide, maybe something I haven’t thought about.
Before I do, I think I have to be candidly honest about my goals and current situation, so that all of you can give me the best advice:
Overall, this is the plan: My wife and I would like to be able to return to Israel to live there within 5-10 years. Since doctors make roughly $30-40,000 in Israel I do not think that I will be able to pay my medical school loans there, this is the reason why I returned to the U.S. after attending medical school in Haifa. I would also like to be able to purchase the apartment/house I will live in there, since that can be very expensive. The plan is to pay off the private loans before I go back and make enough investments in the U.S. so that I can have income that can pay off the rest of the loans by itself. Currently, we are hoping to finally purchase a home and stop renting. Preferably in a good community with good schools so that Jordan can be safe.
Current financial situation:
1. Private Student Loans: $80,000 at 6.25% variable interest. Current monthly payment can vary but minimum is rough $600.
2. Stafford Student Loans: $96,000 at 3.25% locked, monthly payments $400 over 30 years.
3. Savings: $40,000
4. Currently renting but hell-bent on buying something soon. I currently live in a major urban city and the housing prices here are on the level of prohibitive.
Thus Far: I have been to 5 primary care interviews and 3 Hospitalist interviews here is what I have come up with: I have multiple offers, here they are:
Primary Care Positions:
1. $120,000 a year. No bonus. Partnership, maybe, after two years. Housing reasonably priced.
2. $115,000 a year. Bonus once surpassing three times your income. Partnership after 3 years. Opening Concierge service possible. Housing extremely expensive.
3. $80,000 a year. No bonus. 10% of whatever you bring in. Housing extremely expensive.
Funniest trend: The more expensive housing is in the area the smaller the salary.
Hospitalist Positions:
1. $110,000 no bonus, known to be a hard hospital to work in with lots of hours of work. Housing in area extremely expensive.
2. $125,000 no bonus. Work hard. Housing expensive.
3. $140,000 with bonus. Two hours away from family and outside current city. Housing cheap. Good community. Work hard.
My current inclination is to take the third Hospitalist position since I will likely be able to save the most there. The wife and I think it is our best chance at achieving our goals even though we will have to leave the family behind.
I had intended to go into clinic based medicine but will likely hold off until I move to Israel. It is an unfortunate truth which I simply have to confront and that is that currently I cannot allow myself to enter primary care and achieve my short term goals. When I listen to my friends who entered other specialties and the offers they are getting I am extremely jealous and if I had to make the same decision again I would have chosen differently.
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 1:33 PM | 24 comments links to this post
Monday, March 13, 2006
I Applaud Her Effor Although I Do Fear For Her Life
Check out this NY Times artcle on Dr. Wafa Sultan. And here's the video they're talking about.
Hat tip to Enrico for the info.
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 7:45 AM | 1 comments links to this post
My Conclusion
Friday, I asked the readership of this blog to express their opinion on my posts which dealt with Ian Thorpe, an olympic australian swimmer, who is currently suffering of an unknown respiratory condition. My question specifically was to inquire if I was being "Unethical" in publicly stating my opinion of what I felt was the likely diagnsis. Your views were mixed. for example, Moof said:
1) Ian Thorpe is a public figure.
2) You didn't make an accusation, you made a speculation.
3) Physicians have as much right as anyone else to speculate about whomever they will - even (and especially) when the subject matter is in their field of knowledge.
4) The only problem that I can see isn't one of ethics, but perhaps one of indiscretion (gossip?) ... depending on how you see 1) public figures and 2) the nature of the speculation.
And Graham reiterated similar concerns with:
It's definitely rubbed me the wrong way since you first started posting about it. If you were speculating about something a little more benign, I don't think I'd mind. But you're speculating about something serious and terminal; I'd feel the same way if you were speculating about something like cancer or ALS, I think I'd feel the same way. (Not to mention all the stigma that comes with HIV.) I think as a physician you're automatically able to know more about some people from your training--perhaps something that a non-physician would call strange or different or normal variation, you would know it to be disease.
And then there was an anonymous blogger (a physician) who stated:
I think ethically you have to ask yourelf several questions:
1)In publically speculating, did you bring harm to the patient's character? ( gossip)2) If so, do the needs for society to know outweigh the respect for an individual's privacy?
3) By virtue of your M.D., do your speculations have greater weight, and therefore carry more potential for grater harm?
I thought all the comments were great and quite thoughtful and I appreciate you all taking the time to write them. I did have difficulty though seperating if the problem was the fact that I was speculating about HIV? Or was the problem that I was speculating at all?
Speculation by its very nature is gossip. I get paid to speculate. People pay me for my services to speculate on their medical condition based on what information I have. Most of the diagnosis that physicians make are based on "the most likely" etiology. Isn't that speculation?
So I think what bothered everyone was the fact that I speculated that Ian Thorpe may have HIV. Probably due to the fact that HIV is a disease which still carries great stigma.
It was likely my fault. I had intended to begin trying my hand at speculating on general medical issues in the media, a la CodeBlueBlog (although, I profess, could probably never be as good as he was adn I so enjoyed reading his entries). For example, was Sharon's stroke due to medical error, or more recently, what is the true reason for Milosevic's death. I just so happened to pick up on Ian Thorpe's condition as the first and in this particular case HIV was my leading diagnosis, stigma or not.
Perhaps the best advice came later in the commentary from Echo Mouse and I urge you to read it carefully. I believe some of you may be taking what you read here a little too seriously:
My view is that blogging is personal unless it's part of a business or organization. You don't affiliate your blog with your hospital, private practice or any other agency. So I view your blog as a personal blog, despite the fact that you are a doctor.
Now, when it comes to expertise, everyone has enlightenment on certain things by virtue of their occupation. A blog is a place to express personal viewpoints. Your personal views include your training as a doctor. So while speculation about someone's health might be considered wrong in your capacity as a doctor, you are not at work here, you are blogging here. Based on all of this, I don't see that you have broken the H.Oath or spread gossip. You mused on something of interest to you. On your personal blog. Granted, HIV status can kill a career but you have never claimed to be an expert on HIV nor are you being consulted about this person's health. You're just stating your thoughts. That's okay as far as I'm concerned.
One of the reasons I took a break from blogging was because it was seemingly too political for a while there. People need to stop and think. Your blog is not the NY Times nor do you work for Reuters or the AP. If they stop in to read, they need to remember it's the same as stopping in to have coffee or tea with you. You're entitled to your opinions. Trying to limit that by throwing your profession at you is the sort of thing society does to shut people up, which definitely goes against free speech.
So you see, when you stop in to read here it's just like stopping in to have a cup of coffee. So what will it be regular or decaf?
I won't have the coffee, it gives me a case of the runs.
posted by Internal Medicine Doctor at 7:06 AM | 8 comments links to this post
From the Author of the Chronicles of a Medical Mad House
Doctor's Grand Grounds and Linkfest
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Soğuk algınlığı, grip ve aşı
Op.Dr. Sezgin ÖZTÜRK
Diğer Makaleler
Kronik hepatit B
Doğru antibiyotik kullanım ilkeleri
Soğuk algınlığı, grip ve aşı
Ortalama 10 yılda bir Pandemi ve 3-4 yılda bir de Epidemi ve Endemi’ler yolu ile binlerce insan ölümüne direk veya dolaylı yol açan bu yaygın enfeksyonu biraz daha yakından tanıyalım.
Bulaşması küçük virüs partikülleri içeren aerosollerin(havada uçuşan damlacıklar) solunması ile sıklıkla kış aylarında (Aralık– Nisan), ki buna İnfluenza(Grip) mevsimi de denir.Genellikle endemiler kışlalar,okullar,toplu taşıma araçları,sinema…vb kalabalık ortamlarda olur.
Hastalık ani başlar ateş,baş ağrısı,öksürük,kas ağrıları,halsizlik,iştahsızlık, titreme,terleme ve burun akıntısı görülür.Kırgınlık ve iştahsızlık 1 hafta kadar sürer,diğer şikayetler genellikle 2-3 gün.Ateş ilk 2 gün 38-38,5 C arasıdır ve pek nadir 39 C yi geçer.Bu süreç içinde kendiliğinden hastalık iyileşir,ancak bazen komplikasyon denen daha ağır formlara dönüşür.Bu durum hastalığın yarattığı bağışıklık zayıflaması nedeniyle ve başka mikropların eklenmesi ile olur.En sık sinüzit,orta kulak iltihabı,bronşit,zatüre görülür.Yaşlı ve bağışıklığı çeşitli nedenlerle zayıflamış insanlarda ve yeni doğanlarda maalesef daha ağır ve ölümcül durumlar da görülür.Ölümlerin %80-90’ı 65 yaş üstündedir ve varolan kalp-akciğer hastalıklarının alevlenmesi sonucu oluşur.
Teşhis genellikle hastadan alınan epidemiolojik ve klinik bilgilerle konur(%85 doğru),Kesin teşhis kanda laboratuar testleri ile konur(Hızlı antijen testi,Antikor testi gibi…)
Soğuk algınlığı ve alerjik rinit ile karıştırılabiliyor.Soğuk algınlığı veya nezle durumunda ateş nadir,alerjik rinitte hiç olmaz iken tıkalı burun ve hapşırma her iki rahatsızlıkta sıktır.Grip’in en karakteristik bulguları ileri derecede halsizlik,bitkinlik,göğüste sıkıntı,kas ağrıları ve ateştir.
Tedavisine gelince yatak istirahatı, sıvı alımı, ağrı kesici-ateş düşürücüler, burun tıkanıklığını hafifleten ilaçlar, öksürük hafifleticiler ve antivirallerden oluşur.
Önlemede en etkili yol aşılamadır.Canlılığı azaltılmış virüs aşıları kullanılır.Her yıl sık antijenik değişim nedeni ile bir önceki kış epidemisinde baskın antijenlerden hazırlanan yeni aşı hazırlanır.
Aşıların etkinliği şöyledir: % 70 - 90 gribe bağlı hastaneye yatışları ve akciğer komplikasyonlarını % 50-60 azaltır.Hastaneye yatan hastalardaki ölüm oranını %80 azaltır.Doktor ziyaretlerini %40, iş günlerindeki kayıpları %40 ve antibiyotik kullanımını %25 azaltır.
Aşı uygulaması; 6 aylıktan büyüklere rahatlıkla uygulanabilir.Kas içine yapılır yetişkinlerde kola, bebeklerde uyluk ön dış bölgeye yapılır.Aşı her yıl Ekim - Kasım ortalarına kadar uygulanmalıdır.
Aşı kimlere uygulanmalı?
1-Enfeksiyonla ilişkili komplikasyonlar için riskli gruplara(65 yaş üzerindekilere,huzur evleri ve bakım evlerinde kalan kronik hastalığı olan kişilere,akciğer ve kalp-damar sisteme ait kronik hastalığı olan yetişkin ve çocuklar,kronik metabolik hastalık (Diabet), immunsupresyon nedeni ile önceki yıl düzenli olarak izlenen veya hastaneye yatırılan yetişkin ve çocuklar, aspirin almak zorunda olan 6 ay-18 yaş arasındaki çocuklar, grip mevsimi sırasında gebeliklerinin ikinci veya üçüncü trimenstrinde olacak olan kadınlar,
2-Yüksek riskli kişilere influenza bulaştırabilen gruplar(Sağlık çalışanları /doktor, hemşire/ huzur evleri ve kronik hastalığı olanların kaldığı bakım evlerinde çalışan personel,yüksek riskli kişilerin yaşadığı ev halkı,
En uygun aşı zamanı : Ekim-Kasımdır.Riskli kişiler Ekim,diğer gruplar Kasım ayında aşılanabilirler.Aralık ayından sonra da uygulanabilir.6-23 aylar arasındaki sağlıklı çocuklara aşı önerilmektedir.Grip aşılarının yan etkilerine gelince uygulama yerinde ağrı,sistemik reaksiyonlar(ateş, halsizlik, kas ağrısı), allerjik reaksiyonlar(çok nadir),yumurtaya duyarlılığı olan kişilere uygulanmaz.
Bu Makale 710 defa okunmuştur.
Op.Dr. Sezgin ÖZTÜRK
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Uzmana Sor
Prof.Dr. Ahmet ÖZDOĞAN
Kulak-Burun-Boğaz Hastalıkları
Adet 20 Yaş Dişi
Akıntı Çocukluk Hastalıkları
Kızarıklık Görme Kaybı
Beyazlatma Akne-Sivilce
Tüm Soru Arşivi (48698)
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“syn doktor bey ben 20 yaşında 3yıllık evliyim bizim sorunumuz gebe kalamama ben doktara gittim çocuk tedavisi için ama olumlu bir sonuç alamadık şimdide yine tedaviye başlamak istiyoruz yine aynı sonucu almaktan korkuyoruz ve size gelmek istiyoruz olumlu sonuç alabilirmiyiz „
Cevaplayan : Prof.Dr. Uçar ASENA
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Hipnoz ve Terapi
Akdenizhipnoz Meydan Tıp Merkezinde Hipnoz ve Terapi
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Ozon 3 atom ihtiva eden bir gazdır..
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Kan Gurubu ARh+ ARh- BRh+ BRh- ABRh+ ABRh- 0RH+ 0Rh-
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Migren tedavisi
Nöral terapi ile migren tedavi edilebilir
www.emelgokmen.com Ağrın Varsa Duyur Sesini
Agriya çare var. Prof.Dr.Avni BABACAN Ankara,
Tel :(312) 202 53 18 Cep :(532) 372 20 04
www.agrivetedavisi.com
Soğuk algınlığı, grip ve aşı
Op.Dr. Sezgin ÖZTÜRK
Diğer Makaleler
Kronik hepatit B
Doğru antibiyotik kullanım ilkeleri
Soğuk algınlığı, grip ve aşı
Ortalama 10 yılda bir Pandemi ve 3-4 yılda bir de Epidemi ve Endemi’ler yolu ile binlerce insan ölümüne direk veya dolaylı yol açan bu yaygın enfeksyonu biraz daha yakından tanıyalım.
Bulaşması küçük virüs partikülleri içeren aerosollerin(havada uçuşan damlacıklar) solunması ile sıklıkla kış aylarında (Aralık– Nisan), ki buna İnfluenza(Grip) mevsimi de denir.Genellikle endemiler kışlalar,okullar,toplu taşıma araçları,sinema…vb kalabalık ortamlarda olur.
Hastalık ani başlar ateş,baş ağrısı,öksürük,kas ağrıları,halsizlik,iştahsızlık, titreme,terleme ve burun akıntısı görülür.Kırgınlık ve iştahsızlık 1 hafta kadar sürer,diğer şikayetler genellikle 2-3 gün.Ateş ilk 2 gün 38-38,5 C arasıdır ve pek nadir 39 C yi geçer.Bu süreç içinde kendiliğinden hastalık iyileşir,ancak bazen komplikasyon denen daha ağır formlara dönüşür.Bu durum hastalığın yarattığı bağışıklık zayıflaması nedeniyle ve başka mikropların eklenmesi ile olur.En sık sinüzit,orta kulak iltihabı,bronşit,zatüre görülür.Yaşlı ve bağışıklığı çeşitli nedenlerle zayıflamış insanlarda ve yeni doğanlarda maalesef daha ağır ve ölümcül durumlar da görülür.Ölümlerin %80-90’ı 65 yaş üstündedir ve varolan kalp-akciğer hastalıklarının alevlenmesi sonucu oluşur.
Teşhis genellikle hastadan alınan epidemiolojik ve klinik bilgilerle konur(%85 doğru),Kesin teşhis kanda laboratuar testleri ile konur(Hızlı antijen testi,Antikor testi gibi…)
Soğuk algınlığı ve alerjik rinit ile karıştırılabiliyor.Soğuk algınlığı veya nezle durumunda ateş nadir,alerjik rinitte hiç olmaz iken tıkalı burun ve hapşırma her iki rahatsızlıkta sıktır.Grip’in en karakteristik bulguları ileri derecede halsizlik,bitkinlik,göğüste sıkıntı,kas ağrıları ve ateştir.
Tedavisine gelince yatak istirahatı, sıvı alımı, ağrı kesici-ateş düşürücüler, burun tıkanıklığını hafifleten ilaçlar, öksürük hafifleticiler ve antivirallerden oluşur.
Önlemede en etkili yol aşılamadır.Canlılığı azaltılmış virüs aşıları kullanılır.Her yıl sık antijenik değişim nedeni ile bir önceki kış epidemisinde baskın antijenlerden hazırlanan yeni aşı hazırlanır.
Aşıların etkinliği şöyledir: % 70 - 90 gribe bağlı hastaneye yatışları ve akciğer komplikasyonlarını % 50-60 azaltır.Hastaneye yatan hastalardaki ölüm oranını %80 azaltır.Doktor ziyaretlerini %40, iş günlerindeki kayıpları %40 ve antibiyotik kullanımını %25 azaltır.
Aşı uygulaması; 6 aylıktan büyüklere rahatlıkla uygulanabilir.Kas içine yapılır yetişkinlerde kola, bebeklerde uyluk ön dış bölgeye yapılır.Aşı her yıl Ekim - Kasım ortalarına kadar uygulanmalıdır.
Aşı kimlere uygulanmalı?
1-Enfeksiyonla ilişkili komplikasyonlar için riskli gruplara(65 yaş üzerindekilere,huzur evleri ve bakım evlerinde kalan kronik hastalığı olan kişilere,akciğer ve kalp-damar sisteme ait kronik hastalığı olan yetişkin ve çocuklar,kronik metabolik hastalık (Diabet), immunsupresyon nedeni ile önceki yıl düzenli olarak izlenen veya hastaneye yatırılan yetişkin ve çocuklar, aspirin almak zorunda olan 6 ay-18 yaş arasındaki çocuklar, grip mevsimi sırasında gebeliklerinin ikinci veya üçüncü trimenstrinde olacak olan kadınlar,
2-Yüksek riskli kişilere influenza bulaştırabilen gruplar(Sağlık çalışanları /doktor, hemşire/ huzur evleri ve kronik hastalığı olanların kaldığı bakım evlerinde çalışan personel,yüksek riskli kişilerin yaşadığı ev halkı,
En uygun aşı zamanı : Ekim-Kasımdır.Riskli kişiler Ekim,diğer gruplar Kasım ayında aşılanabilirler.Aralık ayından sonra da uygulanabilir.6-23 aylar arasındaki sağlıklı çocuklara aşı önerilmektedir.Grip aşılarının yan etkilerine gelince uygulama yerinde ağrı,sistemik reaksiyonlar(ateş, halsizlik, kas ağrısı), allerjik reaksiyonlar(çok nadir),yumurtaya duyarlılığı olan kişilere uygulanmaz.
Bu Makale 710 defa okunmuştur.
Op.Dr. Sezgin ÖZTÜRK
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Makaleler
Hipnoz hakettiği yere geliyor
Genital siğil enfeksiyonları ve HPV aşıları
Cerrahi kesiler ve sütur materyalleri
İnmemiş testis
Hemoroid - Basur
Terlemeye Kolay Çözüm
Cilt bakımı
Burun Estetiği Ameliyatı
Genel Cinsel Yaşam Tüp bebek Sellülit Gastrit-Ulser Cinsel yolla bulaşan hastalıklar Ortopedi Kulak Burun Boğaz Başağrısı Beslenme Kozmetik Gebeliğe hazırlık Kadın Sağlığı Kolesterol Depresyon Kızlık zarı Uyku bozuklukları
Uzmana Sor
Prof.Dr. Ahmet ÖZDOĞAN
Kulak-Burun-Boğaz Hastalıkları
Adet 20 Yaş Dişi
Akıntı Çocukluk Hastalıkları
Kızarıklık Görme Kaybı
Beyazlatma Akne-Sivilce
Tüm Soru Arşivi (48698)
En son ne zaman diş hekimine gittiniz?
0-1 ay önce
1-6 ay önce
6-12 ay önce
1-2 yıl önce
Bugüne kadar hiç gitmedim!
Toplam Oy : 2173
neşe eliaçık
“böyle bir siteyi bizlere sunduğunuz için çok teşekkür ederim.Sorduğum sorulara 1 gün içinde yanıt alıyorum bu da beni rahatlatıyor tekrar teşekkür ederim„
“syn doktor bey ben 20 yaşında 3yıllık evliyim bizim sorunumuz gebe kalamama ben doktara gittim çocuk tedavisi için ama olumlu bir sonuç alamadık şimdide yine tedaviye başlamak istiyoruz yine aynı sonucu almaktan korkuyoruz ve size gelmek istiyoruz olumlu sonuç alabilirmiyiz „
Cevaplayan : Prof.Dr. Uçar ASENA
Text-Ad Tanıtım Siz de bu alanda yer alın
Hipnoz ve Terapi
Akdenizhipnoz Meydan Tıp Merkezinde Hipnoz ve Terapi
www.akdenizhipnoz.com Ozonlo gelen sağlık!
Ozon 3 atom ihtiva eden bir gazdır..
www.drmuammervelidedeoglu.com AKU-TED Akupunktur Kliniği
Dünya Sağlık Örgütünün onayladığı hastalıklarda, ilaçsız ve yan etkisiz tedavi seçeneği sunar.
www.aku-ted.com.tr Lazer Epilasyon Ankara
Kampanyamız devam ediyor. Kaçırmayın!
www.lazerepilasyonklinigi.net
Doktorsitesi.com sağlık menusu : Uzmana sor | Doktor bul | Hastane bul | Soru bankası | Forum
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Kan Gurubu ARh+ ARh- BRh+ BRh- ABRh+ ABRh- 0RH+ 0Rh-
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Tüm estetik ameliyatlarda olduğu gibi sağlık problemi olmamak ve gerçekçi beklentileri olmak esastır. Blefaroplasti alt ve üst göz kapağındaki fazla yağ torbalarını, kasları ve cildi uzaklaştırmaktadır. Sonuçta daha canlı ve gençleşmiş bir görünüme kavuşabilirsiniz.
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5. Göz kuruluğu
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Sağlıklı gözler sürekli olarak, göz kırpmaları arasında sağlam kalmak üzere tasarlanmış, kalıcı bir tabaka olan bir zar ile kaplıdır. Sağlam bir gözyaşı tabakası gözünüzün şeffaf ön yüzeyi olan korneanın sinirlerinin tahriş olmasını engeller ve gözün net, rahat görüşünü korumasına imkan verir.
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Sayfalar : 1 (2) İleri
Diğer Çocuk Sağlığı Meme Kanseri Sigorta Sağlıklı Yaşam Gastrit-Ulser Yaşlılık hastalıkları Kozmetik Deri Dolguları Varis Diabet Uyku bozuklukları Doğum Kontrol Genel Liposuction Kanser Kolorektal hastalıklar
Uzmana Sor
Prof.Dr. Ahmet ÖZDOĞAN
Kulak-Burun-Boğaz Hastalıkları
Adet 20 Yaş Dişi
Akıntı Çocukluk Hastalıkları
Kızarıklık Görme Kaybı
Beyazlatma Akne-Sivilce
Tüm Soru Arşivi (48698)
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“şimdiye kadar doktorlarla aramızda köprü oluşturduğunuz sorunlarımıza çare olmalarını sağladığınız ıiçin sizlere çok teşekkür ederim„
“merhaba doktor bey 23 yaşındayım kıl dönmesi problemim var çok ileri olmadığını düşünüyorum ama ameliyat konusunda endişeliyim özellikle ameliyat sonrası ne yapacağımı kara kara düşünüyorum. şimdi nerede ameliyat olacağımı bilemiyorum. ameliyat olacağım yeri doktoru seçerken nelere dikkat etmeliyim ? hangi yöntem daha iyidir ? „
Cevaplayan : Dr. Tuğrul TANSUĞ
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Genel / Göz Sağlığı
1. Göz kapağı estetiği (Blefaroplasti)
Doç.Dr. Ufuk BİLKAY
Göz kapağı estetiği; göz çevresindeki fazla, sarkan veya torbalar oluşturan deri ve deri altı yağ dokusunun kısmen çıkartılarak kısmen de onarılarak daha sağlıklı ve estetik bir görünüme kavuşturulduğu ameliyatlara verilen genel addır. Göz kapağı estetiği yerine blefaroplasti terimi de kullanılmaktadır.
Sarkmış ve düşük üst göz kapağı ve şişmiş göz alt...
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2. Estetik göz kapağı ameliyatı (BLEFAROPLASTİ)
Op.Dr. Orhan Murat ÖZDEMİR
Tüm estetik ameliyatlarda olduğu gibi sağlık problemi olmamak ve gerçekçi beklentileri olmak esastır. Blefaroplasti alt ve üst göz kapağındaki fazla yağ torbalarını, kasları ve cildi uzaklaştırmaktadır. Sonuçta daha canlı ve gençleşmiş bir görünüme kavuşabilirsiniz.
Plastik cerrahi uzmanı girişimi planlarken aynı zamanda düşük göz kaşları kaldırmayı, alnınızı germeyi ve göz &...
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3. Gözlükten kurtulmak
DoktorSitesi.com
Gözlükten kurtulma tedavisinden kastedilen devamlı kullanılan gözlükten kurtulmak içindir. Yaşlıların yakın gözlüğünden kurtulma tedavisi bu konunun dışındadır.
Göz kusurları üç ana başlıkta toplanabilir. Miyop (uzağı görememe) , hipermetopi (uzak ve yakını görememe), astigmatizma (düzensiz görme).
Gözün optik sistemi bir fotoğraf makinasının m...
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4. Gözde yedi tehlike sinyali
DoktorSitesi.com
Hayatınızın ilk yarısında görmenizi ciddi olarak tehdit eden hemen tüm hastalıklar tehlike sinyalinin biri veya birkaçı ile kendini ele verir. 7 Kanser tehlike sinyalini bilmeniz gerektiği gibi bunları da bilmelisiniz.
1. Sürekli kırmızılık: Kızarıklık ciddi veya önemsiz bir göz problemine bağlı olabilir. Nasıl ...
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5. Göz kuruluğu
DoktorSitesi.com
Sağlıklı gözler sürekli olarak, göz kırpmaları arasında sağlam kalmak üzere tasarlanmış, kalıcı bir tabaka olan bir zar ile kaplıdır. Sağlam bir gözyaşı tabakası gözünüzün şeffaf ön yüzeyi olan korneanın sinirlerinin tahriş olmasını engeller ve gözün net, rahat görüşünü korumasına imkan verir.
...
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Sayfalar : 1 (2) İleri
Diğer Çocuk Sağlığı Meme Kanseri Sigorta Sağlıklı Yaşam Gastrit-Ulser Yaşlılık hastalıkları Kozmetik Deri Dolguları Varis Diabet Uyku bozuklukları Doğum Kontrol Genel Liposuction Kanser Kolorektal hastalıklar
Uzmana Sor
Prof.Dr. Ahmet ÖZDOĞAN
Kulak-Burun-Boğaz Hastalıkları
Adet 20 Yaş Dişi
Akıntı Çocukluk Hastalıkları
Kızarıklık Görme Kaybı
Beyazlatma Akne-Sivilce
Tüm Soru Arşivi (48698)
En son ne zaman diş hekimine gittiniz?
0-1 ay önce
1-6 ay önce
6-12 ay önce
1-2 yıl önce
Bugüne kadar hiç gitmedim!
Toplam Oy : 2173
selin parlak
“şimdiye kadar doktorlarla aramızda köprü oluşturduğunuz sorunlarımıza çare olmalarını sağladığınız ıiçin sizlere çok teşekkür ederim„
“merhaba doktor bey 23 yaşındayım kıl dönmesi problemim var çok ileri olmadığını düşünüyorum ama ameliyat konusunda endişeliyim özellikle ameliyat sonrası ne yapacağımı kara kara düşünüyorum. şimdi nerede ameliyat olacağımı bilemiyorum. ameliyat olacağım yeri doktoru seçerken nelere dikkat etmeliyim ? hangi yöntem daha iyidir ? „
Cevaplayan : Dr. Tuğrul TANSUĞ
Text-Ad Tanıtım Siz de bu alanda yer alın
Migren tedavisi
Nöral terapi ile migren tedavi edilebilir
www.emelgokmen.com DoktorBOX | Hazır web siteniz
Doktorlara özel güncellenebilir web sitesi sadece 199 USD+ KDV
www.doktorbox.com Hipnoz ve Terapi
Akdenizhipnoz Meydan Tıp Merkezinde Hipnoz ve Terapi
www.akdenizhipnoz.com Euroslim Estetik ve Güzellik Merkezi
Sağlıklı Zayıflama, Selülit, Medikal Estetikte Yenilikler
www.euroslimestetik.com
Doktorsitesi.com sağlık menusu : Uzmana sor | Doktor bul | Hastane bul | Soru bankası | Forum
Doktorsitesi.com genel : İstatistikler | Kullanım şartları | Güvenlik politikası | Telif hakları | Kunye | Bize Ulaşın | Bize link verin | Basında Doktorsitesi.com| Online doktor| Sağlık| Alexa
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DoktorSitesi.com'a reklam verin.
Çarpıntı ve küçük bir delikten ameliyat tedavisi
Prof.Dr. Öztekin OTO
Kalp çarpıntıları günümüzde sadece ilaçlarla değil ameliyatla da tedavi edilebilmektedir. Çarpıntıları hastalar ya kalbinin arada teklemesi şeklinde hissetmekte ya da aniden başlayan hızlanma olarak tanımlamaktadırlar.
Çarpıntı başladığı anda yorgunluk,nefes darlığı ya da göğüs ağrısı da eşlik edebilmektedir.Bazı durumlarda baygınlık hissi de olabilir.
EKG, Ekokardiyografi, Holter EKG, çarpıntısı ...
Tamamını Oku
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2. Teknoloji ve kalp hastalıkları
Uzm.Dr. Neslihan GÜLMEZ
Teknoloji dünyasında yaşanılan hızlı gelişmeler her alanda olduğu gibi tıp dünyasında da kendisini göstermektedir. Tıbbi tanı gereçlerinin bilgisayar teknolojisindeki gelişmelere paralel olarak hızla gelişmesi erken tanı ve tedavi alanında oldukça büyük ilerlemelere neden olmaktadır.
Nitekim tetkik alanında çığır açan Multislice (64 kesitli) Bilgisayarlı Tomografi cihazı da yeni bir erken tanı cihazı ...
Tamamını Oku
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3. Ani ölüm nedeni: Kalp krizi
Uzm.Dr. Neslihan GÜLMEZ
Türkiye’ye yılda 200 bin kişi, kalp krizi nedeniyle hayatını kaybediyor. Yalnızca ileri yaş hastalığı olmaktan çıkan kalp sorunları, genç yaşlarda da hızla artıyor.
Trafik kazalarını 30’a katlayan kalp krizinin en temel sebebi, sağlıksız beslenme ve hareketsiz yaşam. Kalp hastalıklarında genetik faktörlerin de etkisi büyük. Bunun için ailesinde ani ölüm hikayesi bulunanların daha dikkatli bir yaşam sürmesi &ou...
Tamamını Oku
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4. Horlama ve kalp sağlığı
Op.Dr. Denizhan ÖZKAYA
Toplumda erişkinlerin %30-40’ında horlama görülür. Oysa horlama her zaman masum değildir, bazen yaşamı bile tehdit eden Uyku Apnesinin belirtisi olabilir.
Kalp damar sistemi hastalığına bağlı ölümlerin pek çoğundan uyku apnesi sorumludur. Uyku apne sendromunun belirtileri arasında:
· ...
Tamamını Oku
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5. Küçük bir delikten kalp ameliyatı
Prof.Dr. Öztekin OTO
Minimal invaziv Kalp ameliyatları 7 cm den küçük bir kesiden yapılan kalp ameliyatlarıdır.
Kalbin kulakçıkları arasındaki deliklerle (ASDler) kalbin karıncıkları arasındaki deliklerin(VSDler)kapatılması ameliyatları ile aort ile akciğer atar damarı arasında olmaması gereken damarların (PDA) bağlanması işlemi Türkiyede ilk kez Prof. Dr. Oztekin OTO tarafından 5cm lik bir delikten yapılmaya başlandı.
Prof.Dr. Öztekin OTO
Kalp çarpıntıları günümüzde sadece ilaçlarla değil ameliyatla da tedavi edilebilmektedir. Çarpıntıları hastalar ya kalbinin arada teklemesi şeklinde hissetmekte ya da aniden başlayan hızlanma olarak tanımlamaktadırlar.
Çarpıntı başladığı anda yorgunluk,nefes darlığı ya da göğüs ağrısı da eşlik edebilmektedir.Bazı durumlarda baygınlık hissi de olabilir.
EKG, Ekokardiyografi, Holter EKG, çarpıntısı ...
Tamamını Oku
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. Teknoloji ve kalp hastalıkları
Uzm.Dr. Neslihan GÜLMEZ
Teknoloji dünyasında yaşanılan hızlı gelişmeler her alanda olduğu gibi tıp dünyasında da kendisini göstermektedir. Tıbbi tanı gereçlerinin bilgisayar teknolojisindeki gelişmelere paralel olarak hızla gelişmesi erken tanı ve tedavi alanında oldukça büyük ilerlemelere neden olmaktadır.
Nitekim tetkik alanında çığır açan Multislice (64 kesitli) Bilgisayarlı Tomografi cihazı da yeni bir erken tanı cihazı ...
Tamamını Oku
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. Ani ölüm nedeni: Kalp krizi
Uzm.Dr. Neslihan GÜLMEZ
Türkiye’ye yılda 200 bin kişi, kalp krizi nedeniyle hayatını kaybediyor. Yalnızca ileri yaş hastalığı olmaktan çıkan kalp sorunları, genç yaşlarda da hızla artıyor.
Trafik kazalarını 30’a katlayan kalp krizinin en temel sebebi, sağlıksız beslenme ve hareketsiz yaşam. Kalp hastalıklarında genetik faktörlerin de etkisi büyük. Bunun için ailesinde ani ölüm hikayesi bulunanların daha dikkatli bir yaşam sürmesi &ou...
Tamamını Oku
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. Horlama ve kalp sağlığı
Op.Dr. Denizhan ÖZKAYA
Toplumda erişkinlerin %30-40’ında horlama görülür. Oysa horlama her zaman masum değildir, bazen yaşamı bile tehdit eden Uyku Apnesinin belirtisi olabilir.
Kalp damar sistemi hastalığına bağlı ölümlerin pek çoğundan uyku apnesi sorumludur. Uyku apne sendromunun belirtileri arasında:
· ...
Tamamını Oku
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5. Küçük bir delikten kalp ameliyatı
Prof.Dr. Öztekin OTO
Minimal invaziv Kalp ameliyatları 7 cm den küçük bir kesiden yapılan kalp ameliyatlarıdır.
Kalbin kulakçıkları arasındaki deliklerle (ASDler) kalbin karıncıkları arasındaki deliklerin(VSDler)kapatılması ameliyatları ile aort ile akciğer atar damarı arasında olmaması gereken damarların (PDA) bağlanması işlemi Türkiyede ilk kez Prof. Dr. Oztekin OTO tarafından 5cm lik bir delikten yapılmaya başlandı.
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